Building a Scalable and Coercion-Resistant E-Voting System Using Blockchain

Building a Scalable and Coercion-Resistant E-Voting System Using Blockchain

연구 분야: Infrastructure

학회: SN Computer Science

Coercion resistance is a strong notion of privacy, ensuring that voters cannot be forced or incentivized to reveal their votes, preventing vote-buying or coercion attempts. However, achieving coercion resistance while simultaneously guaranteeing election verifiability and scalability remains a significant challenge in electronic voting systems. In response to these challenges, we propose LOKI Vote, a blockchain-based e-voting protocol designed to ensure strong coercion resistance while guaranteeing all the requirements of a secure and democratic election. LOKI Vote employs advanced cryptographic mechanisms, including Zero-Knowledge Proofs, the Modified El-Gamal Cryptosystem, and BBS Group Signatures. It integrates the LLARP mix network, providing anonymous, low-latency communication between voters and election authorities. By leveraging blockchain technology, the system ensures immutability and public verifiability, allowing anyone to audit the process without compromising voter anonymity. Additionally, we conduct an informal security assessment against a list of security requirements including voters’ eligibility, fairness, verifiability and data integrity. We then formally verify the protocol’s security using ProVerif and Applied Pi-Calculus, demonstrating that it guarantees ballot secrecy, voter authentication, and vote privacy. We implement our proposed approach and evaluate its performance in terms of execution time, cost, and scalability. The results show the protocol’s efficiency. Finally, we simulate a real-world election using LOKI Vote to validate its practicality. Our findings demonstrate that it scales efficiently to millions of voters, significantly reducing vote tallying time.