An FPGA-Based Efficient NTT Accelerator for Post-Quantum Cryptography CRYSTALS-Kyber

An FPGA-Based Efficient NTT Accelerator for Post-Quantum Cryptography CRYSTALS-Kyber

연구 분야: Cryptography

학회: 2023 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits, Technologies and Applications (ICTA)

CRYSTALS-Kyber has emerged as a significant lattice-based post-quantum cryptography (PQC) scheme. As one of the four finalists at round three in NIST's PQC standardization, CRYSTALS-Kyber uses number theoretic transform (NTT) to optimize polynomial multiplication, which is the most complex operation in CRYSTALS-Kyber. This work proposes an FPGA-based efficient NTT accelerator with a novel butterfly unit and an efficient modular polynomial multiplier. This work adopts a radix-4-based configurable NTT design, which can achieve forward and inverse NTT operations on a unified architecture. The proposed architecture on the Xilinx Virtex-7 FPGA platform is 1.5x faster than the traditional radix-4 NTT architecture and 2.3x faster than the traditional radix-2 NTT architecture.